Short-term sprint interval versus traditional endurance training: similar initial adaptations in human skeletal muscle and exercise performance

Gibala MJ, Little JP, van Essen M, Wilkin GP, Burgomaster KA, Safdar A, Raha S, Tarnopolsky MA (2006) Journal of Physiology

Key Takeaway

Just 2.5 hours of sprint intervals over 2 weeks produced similar endurance adaptations to 10.5 hours of traditional training.

Summary

This influential study by Martin Gibala compared sprint interval training (SIT) to traditional endurance training. Despite vastly different time commitments (2.5 vs 10.5 hours over 2 weeks), both groups showed similar improvements in muscle oxidative capacity and exercise performance.

The sprint protocol was 4-6 Wingate tests (30 sec all-out efforts) with 4 min recovery, 3x/week. The endurance group did 40-60 min continuous cycling at 65% VO2max, 5x/week.

This landmark paper established that high-intensity intervals can produce equivalent adaptations to much longer moderate training sessions.

Methods

  • Randomized controlled trial
  • Healthy young men
  • 2-week training intervention
  • Sprint intervals vs moderate continuous

Key Results

  • Similar improvement in time trial performance
  • Equivalent increases in muscle oxidative enzymes
  • Sprint group trained 90% less time
  • Comparable mitochondrial adaptations

Limitations

  • Short duration (2 weeks)
  • Young healthy male participants
  • All-out sprints are very demanding
  • May not reflect longer-term adaptations

Related Interventions

Source

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DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2006.112094