Bates Method (Vision Training)
Eye relaxation and vision training exercises developed by Dr. William Bates, aimed at improving eyesight naturally through relaxation, movement, and mental techniques
Bottom Line
The Bates Method is a controversial approach to vision improvement developed by ophthalmologist William Bates in the early 1900s. The core idea: vision problems stem from mental strain and tension, not permanent eye defects, and can be improved through relaxation exercises.
The scientific evidence is weak - mainstream ophthalmology largely rejects the method's theoretical basis and efficacy claims. However, some practitioners report improvements, and the exercises are low-risk. Modern adaptations focus less on "curing" refractive errors and more on reducing eye strain from screens.
Approach with realistic expectations. It won't replace glasses for most people, but may help with eye strain, and the relaxation techniques have value regardless. If you try it, don't abandon corrective lenses for driving or safety-critical tasks.
Science
Bates' original theory:
- Refractive errors (myopia, hyperopia) caused by tension in extraocular muscles
- "Mental strain" leads to eye strain and poor vision
- Relaxation and specific exercises can reverse these conditions
- The eye can change shape and focusing ability
Scientific consensus:
- Refractive errors primarily caused by eyeball shape and lens properties
- Extraocular muscles control eye movement, not focus
- No quality evidence that exercises change refractive error
- The theory conflicts with established optical science
What might actually help:
- Reducing accommodative spasm (temporary focusing fatigue)
- Relaxing eye muscles reduces strain symptoms
- Blinking and eye movement prevents dryness
- Outdoor time and distance viewing may slow myopia progression in children
- Mental relaxation reduces perceived strain
Limited supporting evidence:
- Some small studies show temporary improvements in visual acuity
- Placebo effects likely significant
- Accommodative flexibility may improve
- Eye strain symptoms often reduce
Why some report improvements:
- Reduced eye fatigue (real but different from fixing refractive error)
- Temporary accommodative changes
- Placebo effect
- Better awareness of visual habits
- Relaxation benefits extend to perception
Effect sizes:
- Refractive error change: Minimal to none in controlled studies
- Eye strain reduction: Anecdotal, potentially moderate
- Subjective vision "clarity": Some report improvement
Practical Protocol
Core Bates Techniques:
1. Palming (5-10 min, 2-3x daily)
- Rub palms together to warm them
- Cup palms over closed eyes (no pressure on eyeballs)
- Block all light, relax completely
- Visualize deep black, let eyes rest
- Focus on relaxing face, neck, shoulders
2. Sunning (2-5 min)
- Close eyes, face the sun
- Gently move head side to side
- Feel warmth on closed eyelids
- Never look at sun with eyes open
- Alternative: Use bright lamp if sun unavailable
3. Swinging (5 min)
- Stand, feet shoulder-width apart
- Gently sway side to side
- Let gaze move with body (don't fixate)
- Notice world "swinging" opposite to your movement
- Encourages eye relaxation and movement
4. Shifting (throughout day)
- Avoid staring - keep eyes moving
- Shift focus frequently between near and far
- Let eyes "wander" naturally
- Notice small details in your environment
5. Blinking (constant practice)
- Blink frequently and gently
- Avoid staring at screens without blinking
- Should be automatic and relaxed
6. Central Fixation
- Notice that you see the center of your gaze most clearly
- Don't try to see everything sharply at once
- Let peripheral vision be soft
Modern additions (evidence-based):
- 20-20-20 rule: Every 20 min, look 20 feet away for 20 seconds
- Outdoor time: Spend time looking at distant objects
- Reduce screen brightness and use night mode
Daily routine example:
- Morning: 5 min palming, 2 min sunning
- Work breaks: 20-20-20 rule, shifting practice
- Evening: 10 min palming before bed
- Throughout day: Conscious blinking, avoid staring
Common mistakes:
- Expecting quick results (unrealistic)
- Straining to "see better" (defeats the purpose)
- Abandoning glasses unsafely
- Inconsistent practice
Risks & Side Effects
Known risks:
- Delayed treatment of eye conditions if used instead of proper care
- Unsafe if glasses abandoned for driving or critical tasks
- Staring at sun can cause permanent eye damage
- False hope may lead to rejecting needed correction
Contraindications:
- Do not replace medical eye care
- Do not look directly at the sun
- Do not drive or operate machinery without proper correction
- Children should continue regular eye exams
Precautions:
- Keep using glasses/contacts as needed for safety
- Continue regular eye exams
- Sunning: Eyes must be CLOSED
- Don't strain or force anything
Risk level: Low for the exercises themselves, but potentially harmful if used to avoid proper eye care.
Who It's For
May be worth trying for:
- Those with significant eye strain from screen use
- People interested in eye relaxation techniques
- Those curious about complementary approaches
- Anyone experiencing tension-related visual symptoms
- People who want to be more mindful of visual habits
Less likely to help:
- Those seeking to eliminate glasses entirely
- Significant refractive errors (high myopia/hyperopia)
- Structural eye conditions (cataracts, glaucoma, macular degeneration)
- Those unwilling to practice consistently for months
Realistic expectations:
- May reduce eye strain and fatigue
- Won't likely change prescription significantly
- Relaxation benefits are real regardless of vision change
- Some find value in the mindfulness aspect
Better evidence-based alternatives:
- Orthokeratology (overnight contacts) - actually reshapes cornea temporarily
- Atropine drops for myopia progression in children
- LASIK/PRK for permanent correction
- Proper ergonomics and screen habits
How to Track Results
What to measure (with appropriate skepticism):
- Eye strain symptoms (1-10 scale)
- Headache frequency
- Screen fatigue at end of day
- Subjective "clarity" rating
- Time before eyes feel tired
What NOT to expect:
- Don't expect prescription changes in optometrist visits
- Don't track "success" by throwing away glasses
Tools:
- Symptom journal
- Snellen chart for home testing (understand limitations)
- Regular optometrist appointments for accurate measurements
Timeline (for strain reduction):
- Week 1-2: Learning exercises, building habit
- Week 2-4: May notice reduced strain symptoms
- Month 2-3: Habits becoming automatic
- Long-term: Maintenance practice
Signs it might be helping (realistic):
- Less end-of-day eye fatigue
- Fewer tension headaches
- More comfortable screen use
- Better awareness of visual habits
Top Products
No products required
Optional tools:
- Pinhole glasses - $10-20, some Bates practitioners use these (limited evidence)
- Eye mask for palming - $10-15, blocks light for palming
- Snellen chart - $5-10, home vision testing
Blue light tools (more evidence-based):
- Blue light blocking glasses - $15-50
- Screen filters and night mode settings
Books are the main resource - see below
Cost Breakdown
Cost: $0-100
Free approach:
- Learn exercises from books (library) or YouTube
- Practice requires no equipment
With resources:
- Book: $15-25
- Course: $50-200 (many available online)
- Pinhole glasses: $10-20 (optional, questionable value)
Cost-per-benefit assessment:
Low cost, but also limited proven benefits. The exercises themselves are free. Worth trying for eye strain, but don't invest heavily expecting to ditch glasses.
Recommended Reading
Podcasts
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Discussed in Podcasts
47 curated moments from top health podcasts. Click any timestamp to play.
Dave Asprey's personal 20/80 to 20/15 vision improvement
Dave Asprey shares that he went from 20/80 with astigmatism to 20/15 in both eyes using eye training exercises about 14 years ago, and still maintains that vision without reading glasses.
"From a personal perspective, I went using eye training exercises from 2080 with astigmatism to 2015 in both eyes about 14 years ago. And I'm still 2015 in both eyes, and I don't need reading glasses."
Claudia's lifelong journey with the Bates Method
Claudia describes getting glasses at age 3, finding the Bates Method through a book called Visionetics as a teenager in Germany, and restoring her vision multiple times across decades after stress-related regressions.
"I found a book, literally, this is a book that was from a California woman that I found in Germany in a bookstore, the only book I ever found. And that was all about, it was called visionetics. That was all about relaxing your mind, body and eyes to see better. And I started doing these practices and it didn't take that long. And I was out of glasses."
Palming technique demo with Dave Asprey
Dave demonstrates palming technique live while Claudia corrects his hand position, explaining that crossing hands over the forehead gives the nose more space. They discuss ideal palming duration and mental relaxation.
"So I was determined as I became when I became like a teenager, I was determined to get rid of them. And I found a book, literally, this is a book that was from a California woman that I found in Germany in a bookstore, the only book I ever found. And that was all about, it was called visionetics. That was all about relaxing your mind, body and eyes to see better. And I started doing these practices and it didn't take that long. And I was out of glasses. However, then I was in high school and my exams, super stressed out, really worried. I was not a good student. I had to practice like crazy, you know, all the hours at the near point and my vision got really blurry. So I pulled the book out again and it worked again. I was no glasses in my twenties. And And then in my late 30s, I was in a very challenging marriage. I ended up getting a divorce, single mom, no sleep, super stress. You can get the story. And I was back in glasses. And then I thought like, okay, now I'm 40, you know, normal, like nothing you can do. And then I had this epiphany one day. I went to a party. I tried to date. It's Los Angeles, right? Everybody's good looking. And I felt really isolated and lonely. Got home and I took my glasses off and my vision was so blurry, like worse than it ever was before. And I was like, this does not feel right. Like it's worse than before I put the glasses on. So I pulled out that book and started doing the practices. And then eventually I found a teacher to help me restore my eyesight. And it took a little longer when I was in my 40s than it was back then as a teenager, but it works."
Meir Schneier rewired his brain around shattered retinas
Dave describes Meir Schneier, who had 200 eye surgeries and retinas like shattered mirrors, yet rewired his brain to see normally using Bates-based exercises and now has a driver's license.
"This guy's had 200 surgeries on his eyes and his retinas are like shattered mirrors. He should be legally blind, but he rewired his brain to see around all of that, and he has a driver's license and is fully functional like anyone else."
Airline pilot goes from 20/70 to 20/20 with the Bates Method
Host David Sandstrom describes how he went from 20/70 vision as a 42-year-old airline pilot to 20/20 using the Bates Method, removing the corrective lens restriction from his FAA medical certificate.
"So when I heard about the Bates Method, I signed up for the course and I did that program. And I went from 2070 to 2020 and on a good day, 2015. And I've never looked back. I'm 61 years old now and I still don't need glasses."
Carl's breakthrough clear flash while walking
Carl Vigilante describes his first major clear flash after three weeks of practicing from the Bates Method book, when everything suddenly popped into vivid clarity during a morning walk.
"And as I was walking, I noticed something was different, but I didn't know what it was. But basically, I became really present. I could notice the birds really chirping. The sky was really blue, the flowers, the colors, everything was bright. And I realized I was seeing clearly."
Relaxation breakthrough during a couples massage
David describes how after a deeply relaxing couples massage on vacation, he could suddenly read a distant channel marker that had been an unreadable green blob before, confirming the link between relaxation and clear vision.
"I got into a very relaxed state. And we're walking back to our little bungalow out there. And I looked at that same sign and I could read it crystal clear. And I said, wow, this works. There's something about this. And it's all it's about relaxation."
Carlos' first clear flash during a shifting exercise
Carlos describes his first dramatic clear flash during a Bates class while doing the shifting technique, turning his head side to side while looking at letters on a chart without glasses.
"I was basically turning my head from left to right as if I was looking at a computer screen and going from the left edge of the computer screen to the right edge of the computer screen, but not moving just my eyes. I was pointing my eyes by turning my head from side to side. And that was without my glasses, without contact lenses. And then all of a sudden, just from doing that, going back and forth, back and forth, all the letters cleared up."
Bates invented early LASIK but abandoned it
Carlos reveals that Bates performed the first radial keratotomy in 1898, the procedure that became LASIK, but stopped because he realized it did not fix the underlying problem and patients' vision would revert.
"He did the first radial keratotomy, which is what is now LASIK. He did that in 1898, but he stopped doing it because he realized he wasn't correcting the real underlying problem and that people's vision would go back to what it had been after the surgery, even though he had physically corrected what was going on."
Vision loss is not aging -- it is accumulated load
Carlos uses the straw that broke the camel's back metaphor to explain that vision decline comes from accumulated stress, not aging itself, and that squinting and straining in response to blur makes it worse.
"It's the load that a person's carrying. I usually tell people the story of the straw that broke the camel's back, of a camel being led off into the desert, and little by little it gets loaded on with more and more things on its back, misses the oasis, doesn't get any water, gets lost in the desert for a while, finally gets over to a village where just a little gust of wind lifts a piece of straw off of a hayfield, lands it on top of the camel, and the camel collapses. So the straw When we get into our 40s and 50s, we've got a career going, we've got a busy schedule, we may have kids, we may have a spouse, we may have all kinds of mental and physical loads on us. We might have had diseases or accidents, issues that cause problems with our body. We're not eating the right foods, which you know well that if you're not eating the right foods, So, as we get older, the load that's on us, and if we're not rested and at ease when we're looking at text, our vision goes imperfect. And then if we start squinting and staring and making an effort to clear things up, our vision gets worse and worse until we get glasses. And glasses do not fix the problem."
Stress and fight-or-flight drive vision decline
Claudia Muehlenweg explains that stress and chronic fight-or-flight states are fundamental drivers of vision decline, not just aging or genetics. Addressing the nervous system is key to improving eyesight naturally.
"Stress and chronic fight-or-flight states are fundamental drivers of vision decline"
How she eliminated her need for glasses
Muehlenweg shares her personal journey of improving her own eyesight and eliminating her need for glasses using natural vision practices, offering hope that vision deterioration can be reversed.
"She improved her own eyesight and eliminated her need for glasses using natural vision practices"
Who to Follow
Founders and key figures:
- William Horatio Bates, MD (1860-1931) - Ophthalmologist who developed the method
- Aldous Huxley - Author who wrote "The Art of Seeing" about his experience
Modern teachers:
- Thomas Quackenbush - Author and Bates Method teacher
- Leo Angart - Vision training educator
- Meir Schneider - Self-healing and vision improvement teacher
- Esther Joy van der Werf - Bates Method teacher
Critics:
- Mainstream ophthalmology considers the method unproven
- American Academy of Ophthalmology does not endorse
- No major vision researchers support the core claims
Synergies & Conflicts
Pairs well with:
- Blue Light Blocking - Both address screen-related eye issues
- Morning Sunlight - Outdoor light exposure (with open eyes, not sunning)
- Mindfulness Meditation - Relaxation component
Screen hygiene stack:
- 20-20-20 rule throughout day
- Blue light filter in evening
- Palming during breaks
- Proper screen distance and lighting
For eye strain:
- Optimize workstation ergonomics
- Use appropriate correction (glasses/contacts)
- Add Bates relaxation exercises
- Regular outdoor time
- Adequate sleep
What actually reduces myopia progression (evidence-based):
- Outdoor time (2+ hours daily for children)
- Atropine drops (prescription)
- Orthokeratology
- Proper lighting while reading
What People Say
Why people try it:
Common positive reports:
Common skeptical reports:
Reality check: