The Human Upgrade

This Brain Trick Feels Like Cheating - Microglia and Brain Health

The Human Upgrade with Dr. David Perlmutter 2026-01-22

Summary

Dr. David Perlmutter, board-certified neurologist and six-time NYT bestselling author, explains how mitochondrial health inside microglia (brain immune cells) influences cognition, emotion, and long-term brain resilience. The conversation explores how microglial cells shift behavior based on metabolic conditions, affecting neurodegeneration, emotional regulation, impulse control, and cognitive performance.

Key Points

  • Brain decline starts with breakdown in how brain immune cells produce and use energy
  • Mitochondrial health inside microglia directly influences cognition and emotion
  • Microglial cells shift behavior based on metabolic conditions
  • These shifts influence neurodegeneration, emotional regulation, and impulse control
  • Everyday inputs quietly push brain systems toward damage or repair
  • Inflammation and mitochondrial function shape the brain across the lifespan

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