Autogenic training: A meta-analysis of clinical outcome studies

Stetter F, Kupper S (2002) Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback
Title and abstract of Autogenic training: A meta-analysis of clinical outcome studies

Key Takeaway

Meta-analysis of 60 studies found autogenic training produces medium-to-large effects for anxiety, depression, and functional disorders.

Summary

This comprehensive meta-analysis evaluated the clinical effectiveness of autogenic training (AT) across 60 controlled studies with over 4,000 participants.

AT showed medium-to-large effect sizes for reducing anxiety (d = 0.58), depression (d = 0.62), and various functional/psychosomatic disorders. The technique was particularly effective for tension headaches, mild-to-moderate hypertension, and sleep problems.

The results support AT as an evidence-based relaxation technique with broad clinical applications, comparable in effectiveness to other established psychological interventions.

Methods

  • Meta-analysis of 60 controlled studies
  • 4,000+ total participants
  • Outcome categories: anxiety, depression, functional disorders
  • Effect size calculations
  • Moderator analyses

Key Results

  • Anxiety: d = 0.58 (medium effect)
  • Depression: d = 0.62 (medium-large effect)
  • Functional symptoms: d = 0.61
  • Tension headache: particularly effective
  • Hypertension: clinically meaningful reductions

Limitations

  • Variable study quality
  • Publication bias possible
  • Heterogeneous outcome measures
  • Limited long-term follow-up data

Related Interventions

Related Studies

Source

View on PubMed →

DOI: 10.1023/A:1014576505223