Cannabinoids and Pain: New Insights From Old Molecules

Vuckovic S, Srebro D, Vujovic KS, Vucetic C, Prostran M (2018) Frontiers in Pharmacology
Title and abstract of Cannabinoids and Pain: New Insights From Old Molecules

Key Takeaway

Review confirms cannabinoids including CBD show significant analgesic effects for chronic pain through multiple mechanisms, with CBD offering anti-inflammatory benefits without psychoactive side effects

Summary

This comprehensive review examined the mechanisms and clinical evidence for cannabinoids in chronic pain management. The authors concluded that cannabinoids, including non-psychoactive CBD, represent a promising approach for treating various chronic pain conditions through their effects on the endocannabinoid system and inflammatory pathways.

Methods

  • Design: Narrative review of preclinical and clinical studies
  • Scope: Cannabinoids (THC, CBD, and synthetic) for chronic pain
  • Focus: Mechanisms of action, clinical evidence, safety
  • Pain types: Neuropathic, inflammatory, cancer-related, fibromyalgia
  • Analysis: Pharmacology, receptor interactions, clinical outcomes

Key Results

  • CBD mechanisms for pain:
  • TRPV1 receptor activation (desensitization)
  • Adenosine reuptake inhibition
  • 5-HT1A receptor activation
  • GPR55 antagonism
  • Anti-inflammatory effects (COX-2, cytokines)
  • Clinical evidence:
  • Significant pain reduction in neuropathic conditions
  • Benefits for inflammatory pain
  • Improved function and quality of life
  • Opioid-sparing effects documented
  • CBD advantages:
  • No psychoactive effects
  • Non-addictive
  • Anti-inflammatory properties
  • Favorable safety profile
  • Synergistic effects with other cannabinoids (entourage effect)

Limitations

  • Heterogeneous study designs in reviewed literature
  • Variable dosing and formulations across studies
  • Limited large-scale RCTs specifically for CBD isolate
  • Most clinical studies used THC/CBD combinations
  • Chronic dosing data limited
  • Regulatory barriers limiting research

Related Interventions

Related Studies

Source

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DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.01259