Key Takeaway
Review demonstrating creatine's neuroprotective effects and cognitive benefits, particularly under conditions of stress, sleep deprivation, and aging.
Summary
Comprehensive review of creatine's effects on brain function and neuroprotection.
Cognitive benefits:
- Improved memory and processing speed
- Enhanced executive function
- Better performance under sleep deprivation
- Reduced mental fatigue during demanding tasks
Neuroprotective mechanisms:
- Maintains brain ATP levels during stress
- Reduces oxidative damage to neurons
- Supports mitochondrial function
- May protect against neurodegenerative diseases
Populations that benefit most:
- Older adults
- Vegetarians/vegans (lower baseline brain creatine)
- Individuals under chronic stress
- Those with sleep disturbances
Clinical significance:
Expands creatine's applications beyond muscle performance to cognitive health and neuroprotection.
Figures
Figure 1